Which of the following is a type of Cyber Physical System (CPS)?

A Cyber Physical System (CPS) refers to the integration of physical processes with computation and networking. It involves the interaction between the physical world and computational systems, enabling monitoring, control, and data processing in real-time.

SCADA, which stands for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, is a system used to control industrial processes locally or at remote locations. It interacts with physical components like sensors and actuators, making it a clear example of a CPS.

HMI, or Human-Machine Interface, is the user interface that connects operators to the machine or system. While it is more focused on the interaction aspect, an HMI integrates with physical equipment and often collects data from those equipment, thus functioning as part of a CPS.

DCS, or Distributed Control System, controls industrial processes distributed over large areas. It involves multiple control loops and networks that connect physical sensors and devices, functioning within a computational framework that processes and manages operations.

All three – SCADA, HMI, and DCS – are essential components that demonstrate the principles of Cyber Physical Systems. They combine physical elements with computation, allowing for the efficient management and control of industrial and infrastructural processes. Therefore, acknowledging all these systems as types of CPS is accurate.